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Red Blood cells, White blood cells, Platelets
Our Three Basic Problems
- We either have to many
- We don’t have enough
- What’s being made isn’t working correctly
Cytoses
- Polycythemia – to many RBC’s
- Thrombocytosis -to many Platelets
Cytopenias
- Anemia – low RBC
- Leukopenia -low WBC
Coagulation disorders
- Clotting factor disorders – messed up clotting factors
- Thrombocytopenias – low platelets
Hemoglobinopathies
- Hemochromatosis – Iron overload!
- Sickle cell disease – bad HgB that causes funny shaped RBCs that don’t work well
- Thalassemia – poorly functioning HgB
Autoimmune disorders
- Autoimmune Hemolytic anemia – killing RBCs
- Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) – killing platelets
- Pernicious anemia – Loss of intrinsic factor, which helps absorb B12. B12 is important in the production of RBCs.
Immunologic disorders
- Transfusion reaction
Neoplasms, premalignancies, and malignancies
Cancers = Overproduction of a broken type of cell. That cell stops doing what it’s supposed to do. Overproduction may crowd out other cells and steals resources from them. The broken cell may over produce harmful materials. May metastasis
- Acute/chronic lymphocytic leukemia – over production of WBCs. There is no tumor mass bone marrow issue
- Acute/chronic myelogenous leukemia – over production of blood cells – bone marrow issue
- Lymphoma – Over production White Cells usually in the lymphatic system
- Multiple myeloma – Plasma cells gone wild leading to over production of antibodies and destruction of bone tissue
- Myelodysplasia – Immature blood cells in the bone marrow that do not mature